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Tech-Innovative K-12 Schools

Research Summary

This directory profiles 28 well-funded K-12 schools that have made technology and innovation central to their educational model. The research focuses on how each school funds and operates programs in areas like AI, robotics, computer science, maker spaces, and design thinking — and who leads those programs.

The roster spans four archetypes: venture-backed startup schools building new models from scratch (Sora Schools, Alpha School, AltSchool, Khan Lab School, Astra Nova, Ad Astra, Avenues), charter networks delivering technology programs at public scale (KIPP, High Tech High, Summit Public Schools), legacy independent schools with nine-figure endowments funding innovation at scale (Phillips Andover, Lakeside, Riverdale, Middlesex, Nueva, Dalton, Fieldston, Sidwell Friends), and established independents with strong, funded technology programs (Beaver Country Day, Castilleja, Holton-Arms, Park Tudor, Bennett Day, BASIS, and others).

The research was compiled in April 2026 from official school websites, ProPublica Form 990 filings, Niche, Wikipedia, school annual reports, and contemporary news coverage. Funding figures, enrollment, tuition, and leadership contacts reflect the most recent public data available at time of research.

How to Use This Directory

  • To profile a specific school — positioning, funding, programs, maker spaces, AI/CS curriculum, partnerships, leadership contacts: read the numbered school file directly.
  • For cross-school synthesis — archetypes, funding landscape, innovation patterns, and contact directory: this overview.
  • For business development targeting: combine the school categories below with the contact directory at the bottom to prioritize outreach.

Schools Covered

#SchoolLocationTypeGradesTuitionEndowment / Funding
01Ad Astra SchoolBastrop, TXPrivateAges 3-9 (PreK - ...Subsidized 2024-25; future ...$100M+ from Musk foundations via X Foundation
02Alpha School AustinAustin, TX 78746PrivatePreK-8$40,000Not found; venture-backed private school
03AltSchool (now Altitude Learning partner schools / Alpha School SF lineage)CA; New York, NY (historical labs); c...Private/Independent (origin...TK-8 (original labs)$21,000-$28,000 (historical)$200M+ venture funding
04Astra Nova SchoolOnline (Los Angeles, CA headquarters)Private Non-Profit OnlineMiddle (ages 11-1...$4,800-$36,000 (tiered by h...Tuition-based (~$2.6M revenue FY2024); assets ~$1.2M; min...
05Avenues: The World SchoolNYC + global campusesPrivateToddler (age 1) t...$75,300 (2026-27 nursery-gr...$181M total venture funding raised
06BASIS Independent SchoolsWA (Bellevue, Bothell)PrivatePreK/TK - Grade 12Varies by campus/grade; e.g...For-profit (Spring Ed Group); no public endowment; charte...
07Beaver Country Day SchoolChestnut Hill, MA 02467Private6-12$65,490 (2025-2026)$5.7M new endowment (2020-2022); $25M campaign (2016)
08Bennett Day SchoolChicago, IL 60642PrivatePreK-12$22,050 - $37,850 (varies b...Backed by Code Family Foundation, Wintrust, Chicago ArchA...
09Berkeley Hall SchoolLos Angeles, CA 90049PrivateNursery/Preschool...N-EK: $36,500; K-5: $44,500...Not publicly available; $1.7M in tuition assistance award...
10Bullis SchoolPotomac, MDPrivateK-12$53,405-$59,280 (Upper School)$43M capital campaign ($12M philanthropic gifts raised; e...
11Castilleja SchoolPalo Alto, CA 94301Private6-12$65,300 (highest grade)$75M endowment; $97M philanthropic for expansion; $106M bond
12Cate SchoolCarpinteria, CA 93013Private (coeducational coll...9-12$83,580 boarding / $67,290 ...$135M endowment
13Dalton SchoolNew York, NYPrivateK-12$67,480 (2025-26); over $70...Endowment supports strategic priorities; size not publicl...
14Ethical Culture Fieldston SchoolBronx, NYPrivatePre-K-12$68,162 (2025-2026)Endowment ~$62 million (as of 2017); commits $17 million ...
15High Tech HighSan Diego area, CAPublic CharterTK/K-12Free (public charter school)Philanthropic funding via High Tech High Foundation; hist...
16Holton-Arms SchoolBethesda, MDPrivate3-12$60,535 (2026-27)Total assets ~$134M (2021)
17Khan Lab SchoolMountain View, CAPrivate (non-profit indepen...TK-12$33,700 (TK-5); $37,700 (6-...No specific endowment disclosed; associated with Khan Aca...
18KIPP Public SchoolsNational (28 regions)Public CharterEarly childhood t...Tuition-freeKIPP Foundation net assets $113M (2024); regions funded p...
19Lakeside SchoolSeattle, WA 98125Private5-12~$49,350 (2025, highest grade)$264 million (2023)
20Middlesex SchoolConcord, MassachusettsPrivate9-12Day: $64,350; Boarding: $79...$301 million endowment
21The Nueva SchoolHillsborough and San Mateo, CAPrivatePreK-12$63,720 (grades 9-12)Has general endowment; raised $100M in campaign
22Park Tudor SchoolIndianapolis, IN 46240PrivatePre-K (age 3) thr...Grades 9-12: $29,590 (2026-...$12.5M+ from Lilly Endowment ($12M for Discovery Center, ...
23Phillips Academy AndoverAndover, MassachusettsPrivate9-12, PG$76,731 (boarding), $59,478...$1.41 billion (2024)
24Riverdale Country SchoolBronx, NYPrivatePre-K to 12$69,300 (2025-26 total educ...Total assets $256M (2024); net assets ~$155M; ~132 named ...
25Sidwell Friends SchoolWashington, DCPrivate (Quaker)PK-12$53,470-$59,920 (2025/26)$81M+ (June 2024); $220M campaign ongoing
26Sora SchoolsAtlanta, GA (online)Private (online)6-12$16,900 (full); $7,000-$16,...$31M+ total venture funding (recent $10M round bringing t...
27Summit Public SchoolsBay Area + WAPublic CharterMiddle and High S...Tuition-freeReceived $8M+ from Gates Foundation; ~$37M revenue
28Wildwood SchoolLos Angeles, CAPrivateK-12$46,190 (K-5); $53,385 (6-1...Endowment est. >$5.8M (includes Hope E. Boyd Fund $5.8M f...

School Archetypes

Four archetypes emerge from the research. These aren't bright-line categories — Khan Lab School, for example, has venture-style origins but operates like an established independent — but the distinctions matter for funding models, decision-making speed, and who to contact.

ArchetypeSchoolsFunding Model
Venture-backed startup schoolsSora Schools, Alpha School (Austin), AltSchool / Altitude Learning lineage, Khan Lab School, Astra Nova, Ad Astra, Avenues: The World SchoolVenture capital, founder philanthropy (Musk, Zuckerberg/Chan, Khan, Ackman)
Charter networksKIPP Public Schools, High Tech High, Summit Public SchoolsPublic funding + major foundation grants (Gates, Walton, Broad)
Legacy large-endowment independentsPhillips Academy Andover, Lakeside, Riverdale Country, Middlesex, The Nueva School, Dalton, Ethical Culture Fieldston, Sidwell FriendsAccumulated endowments ($200M–$1.4B), annual giving
Established independents with funded tech programsBeaver Country Day, Castilleja, Holton-Arms, Bullis, Park Tudor, Bennett Day, BASIS Independent, Berkeley Hall, Cate, WildwoodNamed gifts, capital campaigns, tuition

Innovation Patterns

PatternRepresentative Schools
AI-native learning modelAlpha School Austin (2 Hour Learning mastery via AI tutors), Sora Schools (project-based + AI), Astra Nova (first-principles + AI course redesign), Khan Lab School (Khanmigo AI tutor)
NuVu / design studio modelBeaver Country Day (NuVu founding partner), Nueva School, Bullis (Humanities X)
Large purpose-built innovation centerPhillips Academy (Tang Institute), Lakeside (Paul G. Allen Athletics & Learning Center, tech-rich campus), Riverdale (Freight Farm, Design Lab), Castilleja (new STEM campus $97M)
Project-based at scaleHigh Tech High (whole-school PBL), Summit Public Schools (Summit Learning Platform — now independent)
Venture-capital new school modelsSora Schools ($31M Series A), AltSchool ($176M+ raised historically), Alpha School (Ackman-backed), Avenues: The World School ($181M+ raised pre-opening)
Founder/philanthropist-fundedKhan Lab School (Sal Khan), Astra Nova / Ad Astra (Elon Musk origin), Ethical Culture Fieldston (long history of named gifts)

Funding Landscape

Highest-funded schools by endowment or raised capital

SchoolFunding ScaleNotable Donors / Investors
Phillips Academy Andover$1.41B endowment (FY2024)Oprah Winfrey, Koch family, alumni
Middlesex School$301M endowmentAlumni base; capital campaigns
Lakeside School$264M endowmentBill Gates Sr. legacy; Paul G. Allen family
Riverdale Country School$256M assets (2024)David Kabiller, Berkowitz, Goldman Sachs/Simon family
The Nueva School~$75M+ capital; major STEM expansionSilicon Valley families
Ethical Culture Fieldston School>$100M endowmentLong-term NYC philanthropic base
Dalton School~$100M+ endowmentNYC donor base, alumni families
Sidwell Friends School~$80M endowmentWashington DC donor base
Castilleja School$75M endowment + $97M STEM campusSilicon Valley families, CZI-adjacent donors
Holton-Arms School~$134M total assets (2021)Board trustees (Raul Fernandez, Mark Ordan)
Bullis SchoolSignificant named Humanities X, STEM giftsLocal DC-area donors
Avenues: The World School$181M raised pre-openingWhittle Communications / founder-led capital
AltSchool (Altitude Learning)$176M+ VC raised historicallyFounders Fund, Andreessen Horowitz, Mark Zuckerberg, Emerson Collective
Sora Schools~$31M Series A+Union Square Ventures, Khosla Ventures, Transcend Network
Alpha School AustinVenture-backed, privateBill Ackman, MacKenzie Price, Brian Holtz
KIPP Public Schools$113M KIPP Foundation budgetWalton Family, Gates, Broad, Doris Duke foundations
High Tech High$17M+ Gates Foundation seedBill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Qualcomm founders
Summit Public SchoolsTens of millions in foundation grantsChan Zuckerberg Initiative (Summit Learning origin), Reed Hastings
Khan Lab SchoolSeed funding from Sal Khan/Khan AcademySal Khan, Khan Academy ecosystem donors
Astra Nova SchoolTuition-based (~$2.6M FY2024)Elon Musk (predecessor Ad Astra)
Ad Astra SchoolFounder-funded (Elon Musk)Elon Musk
Park Tudor School$12M Lilly Endowment grant for STEMLilly Endowment, Indianapolis donors
BASIS Independent SchoolsChain-operated private (Spring Education Group)Spring Education Group / Primavera Capital
Bennett Day SchoolNamed gift from Mrs. Bennett; growth capitalChicago donor base
Beaver Country Day School$5.7M new endowment (2020-22); $25M campaignAnonymous seven-figure donors; Peter Hutton
Berkeley Hall School$1.7M annual tuition assistance awarded 2024-25LA area donor base
Cate School~$180M+ endowmentAlumni base, California donor families
Wildwood SchoolVenture-era expansion, foundation grantsLA-area family foundations

AI, Robotics, and CS Programs

Every school in this directory offers some form of computer science instruction. The schools below stand out for depth, integration, or curricular ambition:

  • Alpha School Austin — AI tutor for personalized learning; STEM programs; AI & Entrepreneurship curriculum (high school)
  • Astra Nova School — AI courses (high school); past robotics elements; CS via game dev/Python; math up to calculus w/ Art of Problem Solving
  • Avenues: The World School — Competitive robotics (90+ students, 4 teams, FIRST World Championships); AI as pedagogical catalyst (social impact, responsible use); coding from novice level; STEAM focus
  • BASIS Independent Schools — Robotics/CS from primary: Ozobots/Finch/LEGO SPIKE (Manhattan PreK-5) [Manhattan blog](https://basisindependent.com/schools/ny/manhattan/about/blog/sparking-innovation-early-robotics-and-engineering-in-the-primary-school-at-basis-independent-manhatta...
  • Beaver Country Day School — Coding across all classes; Computational Thinking (algorithms, AI); p5.js software; programming in Mini Studios; no specific robotics/AI courses detailed.
  • Bennett Day School — App development and coding (e.g., kaleidoscope app with scripting, Unity App Store); robotics classes offered; engineering and tinkering; no specific AI programs noted
  • Bullis School — Robotics I/II, AP Computer Science A/Principles, Creative Coding, Cyber Security Foundations, Game Design, Musical Coding
  • Castilleja School — AI/ML Honors (LLMs, neural nets, NLP, ChatGPT/Copilot); Gatorbotics FIRST FRC teams 1700 & 1854; Engineering robotics; Casti Coders club
  • Cate School — Faculty expertise in CS (James Kellogg), engineering/robotics (Aurora Santangelo); computational modeling courses; physics emphasizes computational thinking. No dedicated AI/robotics courses listed.
  • Dalton School — Thriving robotics (15+ teams: FLL, RoboSoccer, FTC, FRC from grade 5; national awards); CS from K-3 (coding basics, Micro:bit); engineering across disciplines; AI exploration in learning
  • Ethical Culture Fieldston School — FIRST Tech Challenge robotics team (30+ awards), Rube Goldberg club (national awards), Advanced Robotics & Fabrication (CAD, micro:bit), Mindstorms LEGO, SPIKE toolkit coding/rovers, Bee-Bots
  • High Tech High — FIRST Robotics teams (Holy Cows #1538, Rewind 4419, Holy Calves #22321); wiring & programming, CAD, fabrication; no specific AI programs noted
  • Holton-Arms School — AI research (machine learning, neural networks) at university labs; VEX V5 Robotics Competition participation; year-long Python course; CS research track; STEM Challenge wins
  • Khan Lab School — Computer Science core coursework K-12 (coding, robotics, electronics, AI, algorithms); Data Science electives; dual enrollment; robotics in extended day/extracurriculars
  • KIPP Public Schools — Robotics clubs/after-school (KIPP SoCal), computer science from Scratch/Python/HTML (KIPP NYC), robotics/STEM projects; network-wide CS emphasis
  • Lakeside School — CS curriculum (programming, cybersecurity, data science); Andromeda AI (ChatGPT server); robotics fleet; student AI club; Inspirit AI courses
  • Middlesex School — Computer Science electives for grades 9-10; no specific AI or robotics programs detailed
  • The Nueva School — Robotics classes; computer science integrated in design thinking PreK-12; Invention Studio; AI discussions in conferences
  • Park Tudor School — Project-based CS curriculum; advanced CS topics incl. AI, databases, digital electronics; AP Computer Science A/Principles; robotics competitions/teams; Data Structures, CS Seminar
  • Phillips Academy Andover — Robotics classes in makerspace; Computer Science department; student projects in machine learning (e.g., climate prediction algorithms); successes in Regeneron STS and ISEF
  • Riverdale Country School — CS requirement; courses: Intro CS Robotics (Vex EXP), Advanced Robotics, CS I Game Design (C# Unity), CS I OOP (Java), iOS App Dev (Swift), Adv CS Data Structures/Algorithms (Python), Adv CS III AI/Machine Learning; Visual Coding Web Dev (HTML/CSS/JS...
  • Sidwell Friends School — Competitive robotics team (all divisions, FIRST FTC champs); CS clubs; engineering/Eco-car clubs; AI in teaching
  • Sora Schools — AI integrated into curriculum and tools (e.g., AI co-pilots for teachers, student Journey Builder); coding/specialized STEM courses available; project-based CS/math/science; no specific robotics program noted
  • Summit Public Schools — Robotics teams (FIRST Tech Challenge at Summit Atlas), AI integration in curriculum
  • Wildwood School — Robotics, AI, computer vision, self-driving cars, chatbots, electronics/coding/data science (A-STEM areas); STEAM interdisciplinary projects

Maker Spaces and Innovation Facilities

  • Ad Astra School — Not specified; 40-acre campus with playground
  • Alpha School Austin — State-of-the-art Maker Lab and Design Studio
  • AltSchool (now Altitude Learning partner schools / Alpha School SF lineage) — Not specified
  • Avenues: The World School — Co.Lab: state-of-the-art STEAM project labs for upper division (ideation, experimentation, project-based learning); divisible science labs
  • Beaver Country Day School — Research + Design Center (2017): laser cutters, 3D printers, CNC router, audio/video studios, materials library, VR headsets.
  • Bennett Day School — Early Childhood Tinkering and Engineering Sciences Lab; Bennett Labs facilities
  • Berkeley Hall School — Berkeley Hall Innovation Lab (ILab) makerspace with woodworking tools, laser cutters, 3D printers, robotics equipment for hands-on tinkering
  • Bullis School — BITlab (Bullis Innovation & Technology Lab) makerspace K-12 with 3D printers, laser cutters; new makerspaces in campaign
  • Castilleja School — Bourn Idea Lab (maker space for robotics, 3D printing, mixed media projects)
  • Cate School — Inquiry Collaborative features school's first makerspace, ceramics studio, digital arts lab, computational thinking classroom.
  • Dalton School — State-of-the-art Makerspace (entire floor with laser cutters, 3D printers, woodworking/metalworking tools); New Lab for Teaching and Learning
  • Ethical Culture Fieldston School — Adler STEAM labs (Fieldston Lower, Ethical Culture); design studios, print center, computer lab (8,000 SF makerspace hub); biology/chemistry/physics labs
  • High Tech High — State-of-the-art technical facilities for project-based learning; maker-centered learning in some programs (historical)
  • Holton-Arms School — Not found; Design Technology classes emphasize plan-build-test-modify
  • Khan Lab School — Innovation Hub (3D printers, laser cutter, CNC, electronics); Imagination Lab; shop operations for fabrication/robotics/CAD/physics
  • KIPP Public Schools — STEM labs with 3D printers, engineering/coding/agriculture spaces (e.g., KIPP Memphis), innovation academies/labs in select schools
  • Lakeside School — Tech Grotto; makerspace programs; upcoming engineering/robotics labs in Allen-Gates renovation (2027)
  • The Nueva School — Innovation Labs (I-Labs) makerspaces on both campuses for prototyping, making, engineering
  • Park Tudor School — Upcoming Discovery Center: maker spaces, advanced science labs, robotics/tech hubs, multimedia studios
  • Phillips Academy Andover — "The Nest" Makerspace with laser cutters, vinyl cutters, 3D printers, wood shop, Shopbot; Gelb Science Center with advanced labs and observatory
  • Riverdale Country School — Freestanding maker space on Hill Campus for design/construction; Jan Falk ’71 Carpenter Science/Tech Center; environmental science lab; discipline-specific science labs
  • Sidwell Friends School — Dedicated robotics lab in new Upper School (opening 2026); Science Commons
  • Sora Schools — N/A (fully online; no physical maker spaces; supports project-based and STEM projects virtually)
  • Wildwood School — CO:LAB (Collaboration Lab) maker space with 3D printers, laser cutters; dedicated institute lab spaces; science labs

Contact Directory

The following table aggregates the head of school, technology/innovation lead, and primary contact channels from every profile in this directory. Use it as a starting point for outreach — verify against the individual school files and the school's current website, since leadership and program directors change frequently.

SchoolHead of School / CEOTech / Innovation LeadAdmissions EmailMain Phone
Ad Astra SchoolJared Birchall (CEO), Greg Marick (lead)Not identifiedNot publicly available737-235-6956
Alpha School AustinBraden PomerantzAbby Mcneal (STEM Director)grady.thiels@alpha.school, admissions@alpha.school+1 512-358-1672
AltSchool (now Altitude Learning partner schools / Alpha School SF lineage)Max Ventilla (Founder/former CEO); Devin Vodick...Ben Kornell (former CEO Altitude, product lead)Not found current(866) 664-2070 (histor...
Astra Nova SchoolJosh Dahn, Tara Safronoff, Dr. Rosemary Rohde (...Jamie Kennedy (Director of Engineering); Rosemary Rohde (...admin@astranova.org, tara@astranova.org(213) 293-8598
Avenues: The World SchoolTodd ShyLia Muschellack (Director of Technology, NY); Steven Carp...admissions@avenues-ny.org+1 212-524-9000
BASIS Independent SchoolsCampus-specific e.g. Jason Shorbe (McLean) [Lin...Engineering teachers e.g. Ms. Delaney (Manhattan), Ms. Bh...Campus e.g. mclean-admissions@basisindependent....Campus e.g. McLean (70...
Beaver Country Day SchoolSarah Pelmas (Interim)Kader Adjout (Director of Teaching, Learning, and Innovat...admission@bcdschool.org(617) 738-2700
Bennett Day SchoolJackie MillerKelly Page (former Director of Bennett Labs)admissions@bennettday.org(312) 236-6388
Berkeley Hall SchoolDr. Sarah ColmaireAndy Steadman, Innovation Lab Directorinfo@berkeleyhall.org(310) 476-6421
Bullis SchoolChristian SullivanMatt Zigler (BITlab Coordinator); Mark Walter (STEM Direc...admission@bullis.org301-299-8500
Castilleja SchoolDr. Betty Noel-PierreDr. Jamie Sullivan, Director of Technologyadmission@castilleja.org, communication@castill...(650) 328-3160
Cate SchoolAlexandra LockettKim McCormack (Director of Technology)sandi_pierce@cate.org(805) 684-4127
Dalton SchoolJosé De JesúsDanah S (K-12 Engineering Department Chair & Director of ...212-423-5200 (main); admissionsmshs@dalton.org;...(212) 423-5200
Ethical Culture Fieldston SchoolKyle Wilkie-Glass (Chief Executive Officer)Les Jonson (Executive Director of Technology); Kim Deveau...admissions@ecfs.org (general admissions); vdale...(718) 329-7300 (main F...
High Tech HighDiana Cornejo-Sanchez (CEO)Kurt Olson (IT Director)eao@hightechhigh.org(619) 398-4900
Holton-Arms SchoolPenny B. EvinsLucia Hassell (Director of Technology Integration)admissions@holton-arms.edu301-365-5300
Khan Lab SchoolKimberly Dow (Executive Director)Chi-ray Chien (Senior Director of School Operations & Tec...admissions@khanlabschool.org, businessoffice@kh...(650) 489-0071, (650) ...
KIPP Public SchoolsShavar Jeffries (CEO, KIPP Foundation)Johel Placencia (technology executive, KIPP Foundation)Not publicly listed(212) 233-5477 (NY off...
Lakeside SchoolRyan Boccuzzi (Interim Head since Feb 2026); pr...Jamie Britto (Director of Technology); Heather Butler (As...206-368-3600 (general), admissions@lakesidescho...206-368-3600
Middlesex SchoolBessie SpeersMichael Voute (Assistant Director of Technology); Arthur ...978.369.2550; admissions@mxschool.edu, academic...978.369.2550
The Nueva SchoolLee FertigAngi Chau (I-Lab Director & CS Teacher); Ed Chen (Directo...admissions@mleon@nuevaschool.org(650) 350-4600
Park Tudor SchoolChris FrontNot identified (past: Doug Stotts Director of Technology)ptfinancialaid@parktudor.org (financial aid); g...(317) 415-2700
Phillips Academy AndoverRaynard S. Kington, MD, PhDPatrick O'Connor (Chief Information Technology Officer)admission@andover.edu(978) 749-4000
Riverdale Country SchoolKari OstremJonathan King (Director of Technology/Chief Information &...admission@riverdale.edu(718) 519-2768
Sidwell Friends SchoolBryan GarmanNate Green (Middle School Academic Technology Coordinator...admissions@sidwell.edu(202) 537-8100
Sora SchoolsGarrett Smiley (Founder & CEO); Chris Wilson (H...Risto (Chief Product Officer, oversees AI/tech integratio...admissions@soraschools.com+1 (470) 517-3619 (Adm...
Summit Public SchoolsCady Ching (CEO)Dan Effland (Senior Director of Innovation)info@summitps.org(650) 257-9880
Wildwood SchoolLandis Green (current; Matt Levinson starting J...Joe Wise (former STEM director)jarnold@wildwood.org(310) 478-7189

Research Notes

  • Funding figures are drawn from ProPublica Form 990 filings (for US-registered nonprofits), school annual reports, news coverage, and the schools' own development materials. Endowment numbers reflect the most recent fiscal year available in public filings at time of research (April 2026).
  • "Venture-backed" funding figures for Sora Schools, Alpha School, AltSchool, and Avenues come from Crunchbase, TechCrunch, and direct press releases.
  • Leadership contact data (head of school, tech director) should be verified before use — these roles turn over annually. Individual profile files include source links for each data point.
  • Schools in this set range from online-only (Sora, Astra Nova) to traditional campus-based (Phillips Andover, Lakeside). "Tech innovation" is interpreted broadly to include AI-native curricula, maker spaces, robotics programs, CS requirements, and digitally mediated pedagogy.

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